Python Flashcards

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Python is a versatile, interpreted high-level programming language created by Guido van Rossum. It is a language with a clear and readable syntax, allowing for the efficient creation of both simple scripts and complex applications. Python supports various programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative, and functional, offering developers flexible tools for solving a wide range of problems - from data analysis and artificial intelligence to web development and task automation, while maintaining ease of learning and high productivity.

Our flashcard app includes carefully selected Python interview questions with comprehensive answers that will effectively prepare you for any interview requiring Python knowledge. IT Flashcards is not just a tool for job seekers - it's a great way to reinforce and test your knowledge, regardless of your current career plans. Regular use of the app will help you stay up-to-date with the latest Python trends and keep your skills at a high level.

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What are the basic data types in Python?

Python includes several built-in data types, which are frequently used during programming.

The most important are:
Numbers - This can be an integer (int), floating point (float), or complex type.

Strings - This is a text type, represented by letters, words, and other characters in quotes (str).

Lists - These are ordered collections of elements, which can be of different types.

Tuples - These are immutable sequences of elements. They are similar to lists, but cannot be modified once created.

Dictionaries - These are unordered collections of key-value pairs, where keys are unique.

Sets - These are unordered collections of unique elements.

Boolean - This data type represents truth or falsehood. There are only two boolean values: True and False.

In addition to these, there are also special types like None (equivalent to null in other languages) and user-defined types using classes.

How to install an external library in Python using pip?

External Python libraries can be installed using the pip package management system. The basic installation command is:

pip install package_name

For example, to install the 'requests' library, which is used for sending HTTP requests, we use the command:

pip install requests

If we already have a certain library installed and want to update it, we use:

pip install --upgrade package_name

To see a list of all installed packages along with their versions, we can call the command:

pip list

All the above commands are performed in the terminal.

Make sure you have pip installed. In some cases it may be necessary to use 'pip3' instead of 'pip' if you are working on a system where Python 2 and Python 3 are installed.

What is PEP and why is it important in the Python environment?

PEP, short for Python Enhancement Proposal, is a document containing proposals for new features, enhancements, or information about the Python language. PEP is important in the Python environment for several reasons:

1. Standardization - Thanks to PEP, Python programmers worldwide apply the same code writing rules. This is very important as it facilitates understanding, debugging, and further development of the code by third parties.

2. Organization - PEP helps to organize and structure the way changes are introduced to Python. Each proposal must go through a review process before it is accepted.

3. History - PEP represents a record of changes made to Python over the years. This makes navigating through different versions of Python much easier.

The most famous PEP is PEP 8, which presents the rules for formatting code in Python. All PEPs are publicly available on the Python website.

How to check the Python version on your system?

You can check your Python version using the command line. In Windows, open the Command Prompt ("-r" in Search). On macOS or Linux, open the terminal (for example, by using the key combination Ctrl+Alt+T). Once you have the command line/terminal open, write the following command:

python --version

If you are using multiple Python versions, you can also check the version by typing, for instance,

python3 --version

After entering one of these commands, the system should display information about the current Python version. It might look something like this: Python 3.8.5.

The '--version' command makes Python return information about its version. Remember that problems may arise if you have several Python versions installed and they are not correctly configured. Check your PATH configuration if you encounter any problems.